Plant growth and development, which determinate plant form, require the integration of a variety of environmental signals with the intrinsic genetic program. Fundamental to this process are several growth regulators called the plant hormones or phytohormones. In accordance with definition, the plant hormones are signal molecules produced within the plant and occur in extremely low concentrations.

Polar auxin transport is essential for normal plant growth and development. Auxin moves between plant cells through a combination of membrane diffusion and carrier-mediated transport. Recent studies have identified several classes of membrane proteins involved in auxin transport, and have started to uncover a system that regulates auxin flux through plant tissues via the subcellular asymmetric locali- zation of these proteins.

It is almost 70 years since Mikhail Chailakhyan put forward his hormonal theory of flowering induction, which envisaged the leaves producing and exporting to the shoot apex a specific floral hormone which he called „florigen”. The search for isolation of mythical florigen ended unsuccessfully. However, the investigations have shown that fundamental for flower induction is cooperation between family of flowering gens which express high activity in cells of vascular bundles. The mobile flowering signal could be a product of one of them in the form of transcript mRNA or protein.