In the natural environment, bacteria often are exposed to stressful conditions associated with changes in parameters such as temperature, pH or osmotic pressure . Therefore, in the course of evolution of microorganisms have evolved mechanisms to allow them to actively counteract the negative factors. During osmotic stress the cells accumulate within specific substances osmoregulacyjne . Their controlled collection allows the bacterial cells to maintain an adequate level of turgor necessary for their proper functioning . In addition to maintaining turgor , osmoregulacyjne substances have a positive effect on the stabilization of membranes and protein structure , without disturbing the biochemical processes in the cell. Osmoregulacyjnych agent accumulation by downloading from the medium and / or synthesis . To control their concentration in the cytoplasm, use of special , osmotically induced transport mechanisms and channels activated by mechanical stimuli .