The extracellular matrix in the nervous system is a complex network of macromolecules, which not only creates a framework for the cell elements, but also participates in the regulation of many physiological processes such as migration, proliferation, adhesion, and cell differentiation. Its particular form, arising out of the aggregation of certain elements, networks are perineuronalne. These net-like structure composed of glycoproteins and proteoglycans that surround perikariony and proximal dendrites of some neurons, representing the entire central nervous system. The role of these structures is not yet fully understood, but it is known that they regulate growth of nerve endings involved in the processes of neuronal plasticity and likely to have a protective effect in neurodegenerative and inflammatory processes.