Nucleolin is a multifunctional protein , which can be divided into three domains with different construction and conditioning various functions. This protein is mainly localized in the nucleoli , but also occurs in karioplazmie beyond, in the cytoplasm and the cell membrane and is able to move between these compartments . The diverse location speaks for his participation in the cell in multiple physiological processes and pathological conditions.

Interleukin 15 (IL-15) is a cytokine with strong impact on immunological system, that affects pathogenesis of multiple human disorders. Naturally, it participates in antiviral defence. Infected peripheral blood mononuclear cells secrete IL-15 which, via its impact on NK cells and T lymphocytes, exerts antiviral properties. IL-15 may find its application in HIV infection treatment. Stimulating proliferation of antigen- activated T cells and inhibiting their apoptosis, IL-15 may counteract AIDS-associated lymphocytopaenia.