Phytoestrogens are biological active substances present in many plants. Phytoestrogens, mycoestrogens and xenoestrogens belong to so called environmental estrogens which may affect different biochemical processes in animals. In the review we attempt to present current knowledge on classification and occurrence of phytoestrogens as well as their metabolism and biological effects in females.

Neurodegenerative diseases are a heterogeneous group of diseases with different clinical pictures and different medium , whose common feature is the dysfunction or loss of particularly vulnerable populations of nerve cells. The presence of a selective loss of nerve cells allows the use of a single therapeutic strategy is to replace losses of new cells , able to take the functions of lost cells. For 20 years now attempt to restore normal function via neural stem cell transplantation in neurodegenerative diseases , in particular Parkinson's disease and Huntington's .