FIND ARTICLE

GENETIC MODIFICATION OF STEM CELLS FOR EX VIVO GENE THERAPY

Progress of research on stem cells including their genetic modifications allowed to obtain very promising results. However, one of the main barriers that (ex vivo) therapy has been encountered was delivery of genetic construct to the target cell. As well plasmids (delivered with using physico-chemical methods) as viral vectors have its prominent place at preparations aimed to implant genetically modified stem cells (auto- or allogenic origin) to recipient organ.

IN SITU EVALUATION OF STEM CELL FUNCTION GRAFTED TO ORGANS WITH 'LOW TURNOVER'

Every human organ has its own capacity for self renewal due to progenitor cells of tissue reservoir. We can distinguish organs with 'high and low turnover' and for regenerative medicine the latter ones constitute the main target. These are represented by heart, central nervous system and pancreas. In this review, we focused on determination in situ of stem cell function in described organs and tissues. However, even in 'low turnover' systems the level of stem cell homing can be different. Surprisingly it is in favour of central nervous system.

STEM CELLS FOR HEART REGENERATION PRECLINICAL AND CLINICAL TRIALS

In this review it has been presented current classification of stem cells indicating novel sources (tissues) of stem cells subtypes that can be used in clinical and pre-clinical attempts of heart regeneration. In the article an analysis of delivery of stem cells to myocardium has been provided dividing stem cells administration into: a) intramyocardial, b) percutaneous, c) systemic ones and its influence on stem cell homing.

Autologous myoblasts damaged myocardium after myocardial infarction in patients with heart failure

Diseases of the cardiovascular system have a wide range of social , are the first cause of mortality among all groups. However, treatment with the attack , despite significant progress in this area is far unsatisfactory. In the absence of a sufficiently intensive mechanism for auto - regeneration of myocardial infarction treatment , notably distant in time is basically only symptomatic and do not prevent the adverse remodeling of the body leading to heart failure or even death.

ANTIOVARIAN AUTOANTIBODIES – IMMUNOLOGICAL ASPECT OF INFERTILITY

Human ovarian cyclic function is a complex process. Ovarian failure can lead to a loss of not only female hormonal function, which depends on cyclic changes of gonadotropin levels, but to the absence of oocytes. Whereas there are numerous factors associated with ovarian dysfunction and de- creased female fertility, the autoimmune mechanisms have been put forward by several investigators. In ovarian pathology, such as idiopathic infertility, premature ovarian failure and polycystic ovarian syndrome, immunological etiology has been suggested.

MOLECULAR FACTOR IN REPRODUCTION. THE ROLE AND CHARACTERISTICS OF ANTISPERM ANTIBODIES

Infertility is estimated to affect one of every five Polish couples in the reproductive age. Antisperm antibodies (ASA) are considered to be the main cause for immunological infertility, but it is still relatively little known about the specific mechanisms that elicit development of auto- and isoim- mune reactions in humans. Antibodies directed to sperm antigens can be detected in serum of men and women, but also in reproductive tract secretions such as seminal fluid, where they can be bound to the sperm surface.

Endothelial nitric oxide synthase Vol. II. biological Function

Disorders of eNOS expression and activity are combined with disease entities such as atherosclerosis , coronary heart disease , hypercholesterolemia and hypertension . The first time was identified eNOS in endothelial cells of veins and arteries ; More detailed studies have shown the presence of this enzyme in myocytes , platelets, and neurons Leydig and Sertoli cells . Endothelial nitric oxide synthase accumulates inwaginacji at specific sites of the cell membrane .

Endothelial nitric oxide synthase Vol. I. The structure of the gene and the protein product

Endothelial nitric oxide synthase ( eNOS ) is one of three enzymes capable of producing nitric oxide ( NO) . This molecule fully key functions in the cardiovascular system . ENOS gene consists of 26 exons and the fragment of chromosome 7 is about the size of 22 kb. Gene promoter does not contain a basic sequence recognized by a complex of RNA polymerase II preinicjacyjny , tzw.TATA box .

Pages

The Editorial Board
Andrzej Łukaszyk - przewodniczący, Zofia Bielańska-Osuchowska, Szczepan Biliński, Mieczysław Chorąży, Aleksander Koj, Włodzimierz Korochoda, Leszek Kuźnicki, Aleksandra Stojałowska, Lech Wojtczak

Editorial address:
Katedra i Zakład Histologii i Embriologii Uniwersytetu Medycznego w Poznaniu, ul. Święcickiego 6, 60-781 Poznań, tel. +48 61 8546453, fax. +48 61 8546440, email: mnowicki@ump.edu.pl

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