This article applies chromosomes holokinetycznych ( holocentrycznych ) plants. Chromosomes are kinetochore diffusion Holokinetic extending the entire length of chromatids . With this structure, the kinetochore Holokinetic chromosomes may be fused (full or partial symploidalność ) or fragmentation (partial or complete agmatoploidalność ) without negative effects on mitosis .

The phenomenon of genomic imprinting occurs in both animals ( mammals ) and plants ( flowering plants ), and consists of seemingly nierównocennej expression of imprinted genes derived from the father and mother in offspring ; alleles derived from one of the parents are muted. This article presents the Issues of imprintingiem genomowynm associated with plants . In flowering plants the embryo and endosperm are the result of double fertilization, a characteristic only for this group of plants.