Glucose serves as a main energy source for the majority of human cells. It is ingested with food, absorbed in the digestive tract and transported via blood to supply the whole body. Facilitated passive intracellular glucose transport is mediated by GLUT (glucose transporters) proteins while SGLT (sodiumglucose transport) proteins participate in its active transport. GLUT and SGLT expression is tissuedependent and influenced by its role in carbohydrates metabolism.

In a relatively short period of chromosome replication issues were the focus of oncologists. At the end of each chromosome are repeated hexanucleotide sequences called telomeres. In connection with certain limitations chromosomal replication, with each cell division, there is a gradual telomere shortening. This process is sometimes compared to clock elapsed time living mitotic cells. Too short telomeres are a signal informing about aging and are recognized by sophisticated mechanisms as a necessary pause a moment subdivisions.