This paper presents literature data regarding molecular structure and function of Ph1 locus. In this review, we focus on the current understanding of the Ph1 influence on subtelomeric and centromeric chromatin remodeling, required for meiotic homologous chromosome pairing in wheat. Wheat is an allopolyploid having two or three different sets of chromosomes (allotetraploid wheat 28 chromosomes, AABB genome and allohexaploid wheat 42 chromosomes, AABBDD genome).