The life span of cells is limited and dying cells are replaced with new ones, differentiated cells derived from stem . Stem cells in the adult organism can be detected markers present in both embryonic stem cells and stem cells in the tissues. Examples of the protein markers are : Oct3 / 4 , CXCR4 , Nanos , CD133 , CD34 . Common features of stem cells include: 1) the ability for self-renewal ( division created after the new stem cells ), 2 ) the ability to differentiate into specialized cells of tissues and organs, 3 ) resistance to stress and radiation toxicity .

Fulfilling the vision treatment of many incurable diseases by the use of continuously proliferating and differentiating into all tissues of the body of human embryonic stem cells ( HP) has so far not gone beyond the experimental stage preclinical studies . Numerous attempts to apply for the same purposes somatic HP derived from mature tissue yielded only moderate clinical effects . The article presents the basic difficulties which slow down the development of cell therapy .

Admissibility of the use of embryonic stem cells for research purposes

Introduction - from stem cells for regenerative medicine

The problem of bone tissue augmentation within the jaws is particularly important in terms IMPLANTOLOGY prosthetic rehabilitation , in the absence of sufficient amount needed for bone fixation of dental implants . In recent years, tissue engineering has been proposed methodology allows for the reconstruction of the vertical and horizontal alveolar and alveolar parts of the jaws.

Untangled the intima is a fundamental change in the pathological remodeling of the vessel wall. Studies using aortic allograft transplantation model suggests that a significant part of the resulting intimal myocytes derived from stem cells derived from the recipient. Experiments are carried out to determine the mechanisms controlling migration of smooth muscle cell precursors to the vessel wall.

Neurodegenerative diseases are a heterogeneous group of diseases with different clinical pictures and different medium , whose common feature is the dysfunction or loss of particularly vulnerable populations of nerve cells. The presence of a selective loss of nerve cells allows the use of a single therapeutic strategy is to replace losses of new cells , able to take the functions of lost cells. For 20 years now attempt to restore normal function via neural stem cell transplantation in neurodegenerative diseases , in particular Parkinson's disease and Huntington's .

SCID mice ability to accept grafts ksengenicznch, allows the study of human stem cells share tissue regeneration. Regeneration of skeletal muscle is a good model for the study of stem cell involvement in the process. Regeneration of skeletal muscles depends on the presence of satellite cells (muscle precursor cells). Apart from them can participate in the regeneration of stem cells from other tissues. The aim of the project is to investigate what might be involved in the regeneration of stem cells in a xenograft system.

KHematopoetyczna stem cell gives rise to many types of blood cells and is one of the better -characterized stem cells in the human body. It is suggested that stem cells derived from bone marrow are capable of giving rise to multiple cell types , including neural cells , skeletal muscle , cardiac muscle , liver cells , intestinal epithelial , skin, lung and kidney . Most positive marker for human hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells is the CD34 antigen . Chemically, it is a sialomucin CD34 ? transmembrane glycoprotein.