FIND ARTICLE

THE PLASMA MEMBRANE PROTON PUMPS AND THEIR REGULATION IN PLANT CELLS

The extracellular concentration of protons is much higher than intracellular its level. Responsi- ble for generation and maintaining this difference is the proton pump (H+) present in the outer cell membrane. A proton pump uses ATP as a substrate and expels H+ from the cell; consequently, the ions are asymmetrically located and the electrochemical gradient appears, which is used in many physiological processes such as cellular growth, osmoregulation and transport of substances into the cell.

LIPID MICRODOMAIN (LIPID RAFTS) IN CELL MEMBRANE: STRUCTURE, PHYSIOLOGY AND ITS ROLE IN PATHOLOGICAL PROCESSES

The classical bilayer model of cell membrane structure proposed by Singer and Nicholson in 1972 has recently been modified. Research has shown that lipid molecules in the membrane do not have a random horizontal distribution but form submicroscopic domain enriched in cholesterol, sphin- golipids and gangliosides. These lipid microdomain (also named lipid rafts) have been visualised in living cells by a variety of methods including fluorescence microscopy with lipid-specific probes, scanning probe microscopy and cryoelectron microscopy.

The Editorial Board
Andrzej Łukaszyk - przewodniczący, Zofia Bielańska-Osuchowska, Szczepan Biliński, Mieczysław Chorąży, Aleksander Koj, Włodzimierz Korochoda, Leszek Kuźnicki, Aleksandra Stojałowska, Lech Wojtczak

Editorial address:
Katedra i Zakład Histologii i Embriologii Uniwersytetu Medycznego w Poznaniu, ul. Święcickiego 6, 60-781 Poznań, tel. +48 61 8546453, fax. +48 61 8546440, email: mnowicki@ump.edu.pl

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